ABSTRACT
Wearable sensor technologies have improved people's daily lives through their applications in almost every field. Sensor technologies of inventive kinds are used in an extensive variety of applications in lifestyle, healthcare, fitness, manufacturing, etc. There have also been crucial issues in making significant improvements to the actual mechanical, electrical, and optical sensing methods mainly in upgrading the precision of identification of wearable sensors to various stimuli. With an extensive study of the basic demands in wearable device technology as of now, the road map becomes clearer for creating greater innovations in the future. This is a review that gives an outline of types of wearable sensors by the score that is utilized in daily life. © 2023 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Concerns about the effects of global warming and predicted rising sea levels are radically changing government policies to lower carbon emissions using sustainable green technologies. The United Kingdom aims to reduce its carbon emissions by 78% by 2035 and achieve net zero by 2050. This is a major driver for energy management and is influencing development of buildings which use autonomous smart technologies to assist in lowering carbon footprints. These Smart Buildings use digital technologies by connecting sensor data with intelligent systems which can be monitored remotely to provide more efficient facilities management. The data harvested and transmitted from the IoT sensors provides a key component for Big Data Analytics using techniques such as Association rule mining for intelligent interpretation which can assist facilities management becoming more agile regarding office space utilization. The shift toward hybrid working particularly instigated by the COVID-19 pandemic and recent energy supply concerns caused by the Ukraine crisis presents facilities management with opportunities to optimize their space, reduce energy consumption, and allow them to identify commercial opportunities for the unused space throughout the building. This chapter discusses the use of association rules for data mining derived from a simulated dataset for an investigative analysis of office workflow patterns for facilities management operations, resource conservation, and sustainability. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Sensor technology has become an integral part of the diagnosis, monitoring, therapeutic and surgical areas of medical science. Various sensors like glucose biosensors for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus or fluorescent sensors for gene expression and protein localization have become a common part of the biomedical field. Due to their widespread applications, various advances and improvements have taken place in medical sensor technology which has led to an increase in the ease and accuracy of diagnosis as well as treatment of diseases. This review article aims at studying various novel and innovative developments in biosensors, fibre optic sensors, sensors used for microelectromechanical systems, flexible sensors and wearable sensors. This article also explores new sensing methodologies and techniques in different medical domains like dentistry, robotic surgery and diagnosis of severe life-threatening diseases like cancer and diabetes. Various sensors and systems used for rapid detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic have also been discussed in this article. Comparison of novel sensor-based systems for detection of various medical parameters with traditional techniques is included. Further research is necessary to develop low cost, highly accurate and easy-to-use medical devices with the help of these innovative sensor technologies. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
With advances in sensor, computing and communication technologies, Internet of Things (IoT) enabled devices are becoming more prevalent. COVID-19 forced many educational institutions to move their courses online, at least temporarily. While this rapid shift in teaching formats impacted all courses, it was especially challenging for lab-based courses in which students require physical access to equipment in order to complete their exercises and assignments. As universities transition back to “normal“instruction formats, many have continued to offer an increased amount of online course content, including lab based courses. IoT technologies can be utilized to enable hands-on learning opportunities for students, especially those who are learning remotely. To support remote student learning, IoT-based labs have been planned as part of the senior capstone design courses in computer science and electrical engineering at Texas A&M University-Kingsville, a Minority Serving Institution. These planned assignments will utilize a basic IoT learning kit comprised of a Raspberry Pi board (or similar basic processor board) along with a collection of sensors. The kits are available to be checked out to students, especially those who are participating in remote learning. The IoT-based lab topics include an introduction to IoT technology, connecting and reading data from sensors and logging it to a website, and remote access/control to an IoT enabled device via the internet. Utilizing the IoT learning kits, these exercises keep students engaged and involved with hands-on learning. Through this introduction to and experience with applications utilizing IoT devices and technology, students will gain a better understanding of and have the opportunity to integrate IoT technology in their senior capstone design projects. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022.
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There are constraints to provide the effective treatment for COVID19 patients in hospitals due to infectious nature of the disease. Quality treatment and continuity in the healthcare of patient is difficult in case of patients of diseases of infectious nature. In the process of treatment, many patients are not been properly monitored to their clinical events for better diagnosis. Patients are uncomfortable for the delay in medical attention as cost of such treatments is too high as various devices are to be included in the care. Therefore, it is required to provide the unrestricted medical advice and support to avoid further spread of the disease and better cure of the patient. In this manuscript, we proposed two ICT enabled centralized patient monitoring devices along with usage of other IoT-based systems which are to be used for COVID19 hospitals to help the Paramedic’s staff to monitor the body temperature of the COVID19 patients in emergency medical situations for serious patients with the aim of stabilizing them without moving to their place. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic, with the unprecedented rate of global spread, and the huge and multidimensional impact it has created, has a significant impact on the way we work and socialize. Amidst the pandemic, and with an eye on the future, Scientists and Engineers are fighting the virus spread with all technological means. In this the use of ICT can offer valuable tools in ensuring social distancing. This paper presents some characteristic cases, focusing mainly on practical and already applicable tools, both in terms of software and hardware. This paper aims to increase public awareness on cutting edge technological solutions which can assist with the CoViD-19 social distancing measures compliance both individually and collectively. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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With the changes caused by the constant evolution of the Internet of Things, the healthcare area could not be left behind. With the introduction of 5G technology and modern devices, a better, real-time remote healthcare monitoring is shaping up to become the next step toward the future of medical treatment, and this is only becoming more present in a world, where at any time things might change and a presential form of monitoring can be difficult to achieve, as was the case with COVID-19. In this chapter, we take a look at some of the work that has been done in this area, as well as some projects and technologies planned for the future, in the hope to better understand how this technology works and what can be expected from it. In this chapter, the most recent papers on this field are reviewed, offering the reader a summary, providing an accessible entry point for those interested in delving into it. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 Pandemic has punched a devastating blow on the majority of the world's population. Millions of people have been infected while hundreds of thousands have died of the disease throwing many families into mourning and other psychological torments. It has also crippled the economy of many countries of the world leading to job losses, high inflation, and dwindling Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The duo of social distancing and contact tracing are the major technological-based non-pharmaceutical public health intervention strategies adopted for combating the dreaded disease. These technologies have been deployed by different countries around the world to achieve effective and efficient means of maintaining appropriate distance and tracking the transmission pattern of the diseases or identifying those at high risk of infecting others. This paper aims to synthesize the research efforts on contact tracing and social distancing to minimize the spread of COVID-19. The paper critically and comprehensively reviews contact tracing technologies, protocols, and mobile applications (apps) that were recently developed and deployed against the coronavirus disease. Furthermore, the paper discusses social distancing technologies, appropriate methods to maintain distances, regulations, isolation/quarantine, and interaction strategies. In addition, the paper highlights different security/privacy vulnerabilities identified in contact tracing and social distancing technologies and solutions against these vulnerabilities. We also x-rayed the strengths and weaknesses of the various technologies concerning their application in contact tracing and social distancing. Finally, the paper proposed insightful recommendations and open research directions in contact tracing and social distancing that could assist researchers, developers, and governments in implementing new technological methods to combat the menace of COVID-19.